Microbiote

4 signes d’un microbiote en mauvaise santé

4 signes d’un microbiote en mauvaise santé

Le microbiote intestinal représente l’ensemble des micro-organismes, bactéries, virus, champignons microscopiques, protozoaires, qui colonisent l'intestin. De nombreuses pathologies sont associées à des déséquilibres du microbiote. Quels sont les signes d’un microbiote en mauvaise santé ?

Chaque individu possède un microbiote unique. Sa composition évolue au cours de la vie, en fonction de l'alimentation, des produits chimiques présents dans l'environnement (pesticides...) et l'alimentation (additifs...), de l'hygiène, des hormones sexuelles ou des traitements médicamenteux, notamment les antibiotiques.

Voici 4 signes qui peuvent vous indiquer que votre microbiote va mal.

Vous souffrez de troubles de l'intestin

Les troubles du transit, les problèmes digestifs, les ballonnements, le reflux gastro-œsophagien, la constipation, peuvent être dus au stress. Mais ils sont aussi souvent liés à un déséquilibre du microbiote intestinal. Après une prise d’antibiotiques, des diarrhées sont possibles si l'intestin n'abrite plus suffisamment de bonnes bactéries.

Lire : Passer au sans gluten : "un mieux être immédiat"

De plus, les maladies inflammatoires chroniques de l’intestin, comme la maladie de Crohn et la rectocolite hémorragique, sont liées à une activation du système immunitaire dans l’intestin. Des dysbioses (déséquilibres du microbiote) ont été décrites chez des patients souffrant de maladies inflammatoires chroniques de l'intestin. Par exemple, des bactéries pro-inflammatoires peuvent être sur-représentées.

Vous prenez du poids

Il existe de nombreux facteurs responsables de la prise de poids, le microbiote ne saurait être le seul responsable, mais il joue quand même un rôle clé. L'explication, d'après la Docteure Martine Cotinat, auteure de Je rééquilibre mon microbiote : "Si votre microbiote a été malmené pendant des années par une alimentation riche en glucides raffinés, en graisses, en protéines animales et à l’inverse si les végétaux riches en fibres ont déserté votre assiette, votre microbiote s’est vraisemblablement considérablement appauvri. Il crie famine en quelque sorte et vous incite en sous-main à manger plus que ce dont vous avez besoin."

Des expériences scientifiques montrent que si on transfère le microbiote d’une personne obèse à des souris qui n’ont pas été exposées à des bactéries, elles deviennent obèses même lorsqu’elles mangent peu. "Les chercheurs pensent que la flore intestinale influence la sensation de satiété, la régulation de l’appétit et le niveau de certaines hormones impliquées dans la gestion du poids comme la leptine," précise le Dr Daniel Sincholle, auteur de Super microbiote.

Vous êtes fatigué(e) et dormez mal

"De nombreuses études montrent que la santé du microbiote et surtout sa diversité peuvent avoir une influence décisive sur notre sommeil. Un microbiote riche est associé à un sommeil plus réparateur," explique Daniel Sincholle. Un déséquilibre du microbiote est également constaté dans le syndrome de fatigue chronique.

Votre peau est irritée

"Les urticaires chroniques, l’eczéma, peuvent apparaître en cas de déséquilibre de la flore intestinale et disparaître lorsque cet équilibre est rétabli, " souligne le Dr Sincholle. Ainsi, des études montrent que des probiotiques peuvent permettre de lutter contre l'eczéma chez des enfants.

Pour en savoir plus, lisez : Maigrir de plaisir en charmant ses bactéries et Super microbiote

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